ASSESSING
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS IN ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL
ACCOUNTING OVER 10 YEARS (2008-2017) IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN
LAGOS.
IGELE
GRACE ENDURANCE
EKSU/EPE/12/0071
A
RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF
ACCOUNTING EDUCATION,
EKITI STATE UNIVERSITY,
ADO-EKITI
IN
PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE
(EDUCATION) B.SC. (ED) IN ACOUNTING EDUCATION.
DECEMBER,
2017
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this study was
carried out by ALELAMOLE Precious, Halimot, Matric No. EKSU/EPE/12/0034 of the
department of Accounting Education, Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University,
Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State.
________________ _______________
MR.
OLUGBEMI P.W DATE
Supervisor
________________ _______________
MR.
ADEBOSIN W.G DATE
Head
of department
________________ _______________
DR.
VIATONU A.O DATE
Directorate
of Degree Programme
__________________ ______________
EXTERNAL
EXAMINER DATE
ii
DEDICATION
This project is
dedicated to Almighty God, the Omnipresent, Omnipotent, Omniscience and Omni
benevolent who in his infinite mercy, love, grace, guidance, protection and
faithfulness saw me throughout the time of my course and also to my loving
parents, Mr. and Mrs. IGELE.
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I
want to use this medium to express my profound gratitude to Almighty God for
His mercy and protection over me and giving me the strength to put this body of
work together.
I
would like to appreciate the effort of my supervisor Mr. Olugbemi P.W for his
guidance and support to the success of my project work, for his mentoring and
for his invaluable contributions to make this work a reality. I am saying thank
you sir, may Almighty God continue to bless you and your family all through the
days of your life.
I
also appreciate the effort of my HOD Mr. Adebosin, W.G and other lecturers like
Mr. Ayanwole A.A, Mr. Oyewole, and Mr Oluwo A.A, and Mr. Olugbemi for their
support and the knowledge they imparted on me in this wonderful citadel of
learning.
My
sincere appreciation goes to my loving, caring and indispensable parents
iv
Mr.
and Mrs. Igele for the unconditional love, moral support, financial support, spiritual
support they gave me. They taught and support me financially and spiritually in
every way and they taught me to believe in myself through their faith in me. My
prayer for you both is that you will live long to reap the fruit of your labor
in good health and Almighty God give you heaven at last. (AMEN)
My
appreciation also goes to my wonderful coursemates who encouraged my dreams and
visions in one way or the other
v
ABSTRACT
This
study reviewed the performance of students in WAEC examinations over 10 years.
The study reflected the effectiveness of teaching methodology of the concerned
subjects. Besides, the effectiveness of teaching and learning situations in
relation to other factors affecting students’ performance in specific subjects
are also assessed with the outcome of students results in such subjects. Hence,
the purpose of this research work was to assess ye performance of students in
Financial Accounting in WAEC Examination. The examination in some selected
secondary schools in Lagos state from (2008-2017); ten (10) years in Economics
and Financial Accounting. For this research work, three educational zones were
selected using thirty (30) randomly selected secondary schools. The zones were
Epe, Badagry and Lagos Island zones each comprised ten (10) randomly selected
secondary schools and their WAEC school results of these selected schools. The
schools records; mainly WAEC results from 2008-2017 were used for this
findings. Data collected were analyzed using simple percentages to get the pas
and fail levels for each year for all the students examined by WAEC for the
period under review. The results of the findings showed that the number of
students that passed Financial Accounting and Economics in the zones throughout
the ten years under review were more or greater than those that failed these
subjects. However, it can be deduced that there have been increase in the rates
of students’ performances in Financial Accounting and Economics and failure
percentage rate showed wide gap of decrease over the years reviewed across all
the zones involved in this research work.
v
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table Of
Contents
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Of The Study 1
1.2 Theoretical
Framework 3
1.3 Statement
Of The Problem 4
1.4 Purpose
Of The Study 5
vi
1.5 Research
Questions 6
1.6 Significance
of the Study 6
1.7 Limitation
of the Study 7
1.8 Definition
Of Terms 7
CHAPTER
TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Concept of
Economics 10
2.2 Impact of
Economics Education in Nigeria 19
2.3 Problems of
teaching economics in Secondary Schools in Nigeria 21
2.4 Concept of
Accounting 24
2.5 Personality
Factor 26
2.6 Society 27
2.7 Concept of
continuous Assessment in Financial Accounting 30
and
Economics
viii
2.8 The
Continuous Assessment strategies in Senior Secondary Schools 32
2.9 Assessment
Strategies and Students performance 36
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Research
Design 40
3.2 Population
Of The Study 40
3.3 Sample And
Sampling Techniques 40
3 4. Research
Instrument 43
3.5 Validity of
the Instrument 43
3.6 Reliability
of the Instrument 43
3.7 Method of
Data Collection 41
3.8 Method of Data
Analysis 42
ix
CHAPTER FOUR:
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Presentation
and Interpretation of the Data Analysis 43
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary of
Findings 90
5.2 Conclusion 91
5.3
Recommendation 92
5.4 Limitation
of the Study 93
5.5 Suggestion
for Further Studies 93
REFERENCE 94
APPENDIX
x
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Students
have a right to choose subjects at the senior secondary school level and this
is often determined by the students; personal factors, societal perception and
values, the school system and the socio-economic indices. If not that the
society makes the study of certain subjects as basic for all students, sizeable
number of students would find Mathematics or English Language or both missing
from their lists of subjects as irrelevantly to be studied. The simple reason
is most students believed Mathematics id dreadful and learning of foreign
language, like English, is cumbersome regardless of the fact that such language
is official language of the society. But the inclusion of these subjects as
part of the basic subjects, are being offered compulsorily. The influence of
the society peters out here clearly; hence the society produces National policy
on education to spell out the society’s values and perception of what education
in the society should be. However there are some subjects that are left to be
offered as optional or career subjects (Schneidei, M, 2005). This study
presents the findings of a study of the relationship between students
achievement in financial accounting and economics conducted by the West African
examination council (WAEC) in selected secondary schools in Ikeja, Badagry,
Ikorodu, Lagos Island and Epe Local government area of Lagos state. It is a
fundamental statement nowadays that we are the age of commercial with financial
takes a higher rank. Hence it is one of core subject in junior secondary school
and senior secondary school in nation { Anim, 2007}the issue of poor academics
performance of students in Nigeria has been a much concern to all sundry . It
has lead to the declined in standard of education. Since the academics success
of student depends largely on the school environment. It is imperative to
examine the impact variable of class size and school population on the
academics performances of students in secondary school. Large class and over populated schools have diverted
impact of the quality of teaching and infrastructure delivery (Schneider. M,
2002). The West African Examination Council body in the country especially for
ordinary level examinations {WAEC} for a number of decades has been the only
examinations. A lot of concern have been expressed by large number of concerned
citizen on student failure especially in financial accounting and economics and
major subject mathematics and English in the year 2007, the federal government
board refer to as National Examination Council {NECO}, is there any between
WASSCE financial accounting, economics and
NECO financial accounting and economic result provide the source of
these assertion. (Sugahara, 2009)
1.2 Theoretical Framework
From
the study of one social cognitive career theory {SCCI} develop by lent Brown and Herkett
{1944,1996}, person behavior and
environment were identified to as key elements that influence career decision
making process of and individual. In the works of Betz {2002} and Geoge ,{2006}
it was also interest, ability and need {Chang 2005} cultural and gender {mergolis
2008}. Ohinwerei and Uwosu {2009} also establish the following eternal a key
players in career interest choices. Teachers influence /problem, parental
pressure or influence, economic and political condition of the country, peer
group pressure influence adequate vocational choice information and subject
studies/combination.
Turner
and Lapan {2002} indentified family and friends, Mcwhirter, Hackett and Bandolos
{1998} indentified that parent influenced children’s educational plan. Torner,
steward and lapan {2004} identified encouragement from parent and influence of
people surrounding individual as some of the factors that effect career interest
{Chang 2005; Davis, 2009; Margolis, 2008; Sugahara, 2009; Wong, 2010),
the predominant overall effect of the above was simply stated by Adeleke
et al 2012 as many would be stars in a particular field have been turned to
become professional in other field where they could not excel as a result of
parental pressure or peer manipulation .
1.3 Statement of the Problem
The
need to assess the performance of senior
secondary school leavers performance in financial accounting and Economics at
O’level over ten years in public examination in Ikeja, Badagry, Ikorodu, Lagos
Island and Epe Local government area of Lagos
state necessitated this research. From the above, there is need to use
students’ performances in economics and financial accounting in west African
examination council {WAEC} as performance measure of the student with this,.
There is need to establish whether the career interest choice determination has
significant effect on the senior secondary school leavers’ academics
performance in financial accounting and economics in Lagos, Nigeria. It is
recommended among others that school authority should ensure that only student
whose performances is conterminous assessment and mock examination in encouraging
are allowed to register for WAEC.
1.4 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of this study is to assess
the relationship between the performance of student in economics and financial
accounting in O level over ten years in some selected school in Ikeja, Badagry,
Ikorodu, Lagos Island and Epe Local government area of Lagos state and to also determine
the percentage of pass and fail in financial accounting and economics in over
ten years in selected secondary schools.
1.5 Research Questions
Based
on the background the study, the following research questions were raised to
pilot the study.
1.
what are the trend of Financial Accounting students performance over
ten years {2007-2014}
2.
What is the
relationship between students’ performance in financial accounting and
economics in WEAC examination?
3.
What are the teachers’
attitude toward the performance of students in O’level examination in financial
accounting and economics from 2007-2017.
1.6 Significant of the Study
This study is important for several
reason, first the findings will help teacher to indentify the reason for the
student performance in financial accounting and economics at SSS on internal
and external examination over years and years ago and how to address the
problems.
Secondly,
it will provide comprehensive information for educational planners and parent
on how they can assist to cope in such situation.
1.7 Limitation and Delimitation of the Study
The
study will cover only thirty sample selected schools in the local government
area of Lagos state. It will also be covering senior secondary school.
1.8 Definition of Terms
Accounting:
Comprises of cost accounting and financial accounting.
Teacher: A person who impact knowledge into less
experience somebody.
Economics:
It is the relationship between end and scarce mean which have alternative uses.
Accounting
Education: The
study of cost accounting and financial accounting
Academics
performance: This refer to the ability to study
and remember fact ,
Been able to study effectively and see how fact fit
together and form large pattern of
knowledge and been able to think for yourself to fact and been able to
communicate your knowledge verbally or down on paper.
Effective
learning: This refer to the student been available
focused and committed to undertake learning
willingly.
Effective
school: This
refer to a school which educators are responsible for producing
capable result by putting emphasis on instructional leadership, focus on vision and mission and school safety.
End:
Refer to as human
unlimited wants.
Scarce
means:
It is the limited reason as available to satisfy unlimited wants.
Effective
teaching: This refer to helping students to
learn by providing adequate context, content and involving
the learner in the process
of responding to questions, summarizing finding, discussion, research and report
on unanswered questions .
Poor
performing school: These refer to a
secondary school that constituently
obtain a mean grade at least C + and above in Nigeria
certificate of secondary education
examinations.
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